First, two species or higher taxa are queried (e.g., cat and dog). Next, TimeTree looks for these species in the TTOL to find their most recent common ancestor (MRCA). When one or both of the species are not present in TTOL, the NCBI taxonomy is scanned to find the closest relatives of the species or higher taxa requested by the user. Then, those taxa are used as proxies to find the MRCA for the given query. Finally, the divergence time for the MRCA is retrieved from the TimeTree database.
Solar Luminosity
CO2 Levels
O2 Levels
| Time | Title | First Author | Link | Year | Data |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 29.0 | Diversification of Neoaves: integration of molecular sequence data and fossils. | Ericson | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=17148284&dopt=Abstract | 2006 | 1 tree |
| 65.0 | Nuclear DNA does not reconcile 'rocks' and 'clocks' in Neoaves: a comment on Ericson et al. | Brown | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=17389215&dopt=Abstract | 2007 | 1 tree |
| 55.0 | Strong mitochondrial DNA support for a Cretaceous origin of modern avian lineages. | Brown | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=18226223&dopt=Abstract | 2008 | 1 tree |
| 41.0 | Introns outperform exons in analyses of basal avian phylogeny using clathrin heavy chain genes. | Chojnowski | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=18191344&dopt=Abstract | 2008 | 1 tree |
| 49.9 | The TimeTree of Life | Hedges | https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=The+TimeTree+of+Life&btnG=&as_sdt=1%2C3&as_sdtp= | 2009 | 1 tree |
| 48.9 | The evolutionary history of cockatoos (Aves: Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae). | White | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=21419232&dopt=Abstract | 2011 | 2 trees |
| 59.5 | Homoplastic microinversions and the avian tree of life. | Braun | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=21612607&dopt=Abstract | 2011 | 1 tree |
| 57.0 | Beyond phylogeny: pelecaniform and ciconiiform birds, and long-term niche stability. | Gibb | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=23562800&dopt=Abstract | 2013 | 1 tree |
| 83.1 | One tree to link them all: a phylogenetic dataset for the European tetrapoda. | Roquet | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=25685620&dopt=Abstract | 2014 | 3 trees |
| 35.0 | AVIAN DIVERSIFICATION PATTERNS ACROSS THE K-PG BOUNDARY: INFLUENCE OF CALIBRATIONS, DATASETS, AND MODEL MISSPECIFICATION | Ksepka | https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=AVIAN+DIVERSIFICATION+PATTERNS+ACROSS+THE+K-PG+BOUNDARY%3A+INFLUENCE+OF+CALIBRATIONS%2C+DATASETS%2C+AND+MODEL+MISSPECIFICATION&btnG=&as_sdt=1%2C3&as_sdtp= | 2015 | 1 tree |
| 26.9 | A comprehensive phylogeny of birds (Aves) using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing. | Prum | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=26444237&dopt=Abstract | 2015 | 1 tree |
| 37.7 | A new time tree reveals Earth history's imprint on the evolution of modern birds. | Claramunt | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=26824065&dopt=Abstract | 2015 | 1 tree |
| 19.2 | The complete mitochondrial genome of Accipiter virgatus and evolutionary history of the pseudo-control regions in Falconiformes | Song | https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=The+complete+mitochondrial+genome+of+Accipiter+virgatus+and+evolutionary+history+of+the+pseudo-control+regions+in+Falconiformes&btnG=&as_sdt=1%2C3&as_sdtp= | 2015 | 1 tree |
| 50.0 | Multi-locus phylogenetic inference among New World Vultures (Aves: Cathartidae). | Johnson | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=27601346&dopt=Abstract | 2016 | 1 tree |
| 83.3 | Differential Conservation and Loss of Chicken Repeat 1 (CR1) Retrotransposons in Squamates Reveal Lineage-Specific Genome Dynamics Across Reptiles | Gable | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=39031594&dopt=Abstract | 2024 | 1 tree |
| 25.0 | Comprehensive genome assembly reveals genetic diversity and carcass consumption insights in critically endangered Asian king vultures | Buthasane | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=38658744&dopt=Abstract | 2024 | 1 tree |
| 32.3 | Complexity of avian evolution revealed by family-level genomes | Stiller | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=38560995&dopt=Abstract | 2024 | 1 tree |